class brainmodels.neurons.AdExIF(size, V_rest=- 65.0, V_reset=- 68.0, V_th=- 30.0, V_T=- 59.9, delta_T=3.48, a=1.0, b=1.0, tau=10.0, tau_w=30.0, R=1.0, method='euler', **kwargs)[source]

Model Descriptions

The adaptive exponential integrate-and-fire model, also called AdEx, is a spiking neuron model with two variables 1 2.

\begin{split}\begin{aligned} \tau_m\frac{d V}{d t} &= - (V-V_{rest}) + \Delta_T e^{\frac{V-V_T}{\Delta_T}} - Rw + RI(t), \\ \tau_w \frac{d w}{d t} &=a(V-V_{rest}) - w \end{aligned}\end{split}

once the membrane potential reaches the spike threshold,

$\begin{split}V \rightarrow V_{reset}, \\ w \rightarrow w+b.\end{split}$

The first equation describes the dynamics of the membrane potential and includes an activation term with an exponential voltage dependence. Voltage is coupled to a second equation which describes adaptation. Both variables are reset if an action potential has been triggered. The combination of adaptation and exponential voltage dependence gives rise to the name Adaptive Exponential Integrate-and-Fire model.

The adaptive exponential integrate-and-fire model is capable of describing known neuronal firing patterns, e.g., adapting, bursting, delayed spike initiation, initial bursting, fast spiking, and regular spiking.

Model Examples

Model Parameters

 Parameter Init Value Unit Explanation V_rest -65 mV Resting potential. V_reset -68 mV Reset potential after spike. V_th -30 mV Threshold potential of spike and reset. V_T -59.9 mV Threshold potential of generating action potential. delta_T 3.48 Spike slope factor. a 1 The sensitivity of the recovery variable $$u$$ to the sub-threshold fluctuations of the membrane potential $$v$$ b 1 The increment of $$w$$ produced by a spike. R 1 Membrane resistance. tau 10 ms Membrane time constant. Compute by R * C. tau_w 30 ms Time constant of the adaptation current.

Model Variables

 Variables name Initial Value Explanation V 0 Membrane potential. w 0 Adaptation current. input 0 External and synaptic input current. spike False Flag to mark whether the neuron is spiking. t_last_spike -1e7 Last spike time stamp.

References

1

Fourcaud-Trocmé, Nicolas, et al. “How spike generation mechanisms determine the neuronal response to fluctuating inputs.” Journal of Neuroscience 23.37 (2003): 11628-11640.

2

 __init__(size[, V_rest, V_reset, V_th, V_T, ...]) build_inputs([inputs, show_code]) build_monitors([show_code]) cpu() cuda() derivative(V, w, t, Iext) ints([method]) Collect all integrators in this node and the children nodes. load_states(filename[, verbose, check]) Load the model states. nodes([method, _paths]) Collect all children nodes. register_constant_delay(key, size, delay[, ...]) Register a constant delay. run(duration[, dt, report, inputs, extra_func]) The running function. save_states(filename[, all_vars]) Save the model states. step(t_and_dt, **kwargs) to(devices) tpu() train_vars([method]) The shortcut for retrieving all trainable variables. unique_name([name, type]) Get the unique name for this object. update(_t, _dt) The function to specify the updating rule. vars([method]) Collect all variables in this node and the children nodes.
 implicit_nodes Used to wrap the implicit children nodes which cannot be accessed by self.xxx implicit_vars Used to wrap the implicit variables which cannot be accessed by self.xxx target_backend Used to specify the target backend which the model to run.